Hajredin pasha biography template pdf

He was a political reformer during a period of growing European ascendancy. According to Dr. Abdul Azim Islahi, he was a pragmatic activist who reacted against poverty, and looked to European models for suggestions. He emphasized the central role of justice and security in economic development.

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Of Abkhaz origin, Hayreddin was born in Abkhazia into "a family of warrior notables". His father Hasan Leffch, a local Abkhaz chieftain, died fighting against a Russian attack on the city of Sukhum. Thereafter as a young orphan Hayreddin was sold into slavery via the Black Sea slave trade , then still a familiar event for Circassian youth.

Khayr al-Din received a "first-rate education" which included the Islamic curriculum, also the Turkish language , and perhaps French; yet he was not raised as a mamluk. This new uprooting would obviously provoke emotional turmoil in Khayr al-Din, then about 17 years old.

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Soon he was on board a ship bound for Africa. He resumed his high-level studies, mainly at the Bardo Military Academy al-maktab al-Harbi a nearby institution newly established by the bey. A key part of his education now was learning to converse in Arabic , also acquaintance with French. At the Husaynid court his abilities were soon recognized, and he was favored with the attention and trust of Ahmad Bey.

He rose quickly in the elite cavalry, the nucleus of the bey's new army. Moreover, during the s and s he was sent by the Bey on several key diplomatic missions, e.